Icon of Virgin Mary The Mirror (Kathreptis)
Icon Details
- Medium
- Egg tempera
- Dimensions
- 40 cm × 30 cm
- Style
- Ancient Byzantine
- Collection
- Private Collection
Description
This Byzantine icon of the Virgin Mary 'The Mirror' (Kathreptis) is a sacred masterpiece enshrined in Agiou Pavlou Monastery on Mount Athos. Painted in egg tempera on wood with gold and platinum leaf, the icon is renowned for its historical and theological significance. The piece measures 40 cm in height and 30 cm in width.
Historical Significance
The Kathreptis icon is historically linked to Empress Theodora, a defender of icon veneration during the Byzantine iconoclastic period (8th–9th centuries). According to tradition, the icon was hidden behind a mirror in her private chambers to protect it from destruction. This act of concealment saved the icon, and from that moment, it became known as 'The Mirror' (Kathreptis). The icon was later brought to Agiou Pavlou Monastery, where it remains a treasured relic of Orthodox Christianity.
Miraculous Survival
The icon miraculously survived the iconoclastic persecutions, despite attempts to destroy it. According to accounts, scorch marks on its surface bear witness to its escape from destruction by fire. These marks serve as a tangible reminder of the struggles endured by religious icons during the Byzantine era.
Iconography
The icon portrays the Virgin Mary with a solemn yet tender expression, her head gently inclined. This unique representation focuses solely on her face, a rarity in Orthodox iconography. The icon’s melancholic expression reflects the deep sorrow and compassion of the Theotokos, making it a deeply contemplative piece. The Virgin’s garments are adorned with delicate golden ornamentation, symbolizing her purity and divine grace.
Symbolism
The title 'The Mirror' is symbolic of the Virgin Mary as the perfect reflection of divine grace and purity. Just as a mirror reflects light, the Theotokos reflects the radiance of Christ and serves as an intercessor for humanity. The use of platinum leaf in the background enhances this symbolism, giving the icon a luminous, ethereal presence.
Artistic Technique
This icon was created using Byzantine artistic techniques, employing natural mineral pigments and egg tempera. The application of gold and platinum leaf creates a stunning contrast, elevating the spiritual depth of the composition. The intricate detailing of the Virgin's face and the delicate brushwork highlight the mastery of Byzantine iconography.
Significance
The Icon of Virgin Mary Kathreptis continues to be a focal point of pilgrimage and veneration at Agiou Pavlou Monastery. It is revered both for its miraculous past and its artistic brilliance, drawing Orthodox faithful and art historians alike. Its survival is seen as a testament to the triumph of faith over persecution and the eternal beauty of Orthodox iconography.
Creation Process of the Icon
Below, explore the creation process of this sacred icon—from its earliest sketches to the final application of gold and platinum leaf. Click on an image to enlarge and learn more about each stage of the process.
